Under which transformation does the image maintain orientation?

The image maintains orientation under translations and rotations because these transformations do not flip or reverse the positions of the points in the pre-image.

When you apply a translation, every point of the image is moved the same distance in the same direction. This means that the relative positioning and ordering of the points remain unchanged, preserving their orientation.

Similarly, a rotation involves turning the image around a specific point (the center of rotation) for a given angle. While the image changes its position, the arrangement and orientation of points within the image are preserved. No reflections are involved in either transformations, which can often lead to an image appearing as if it has flipped or reversed.

In contrast, reflections and certain other transformations can change the orientation of the image. Therefore, translations and rotations are the correct transformations that maintain orientation.